The resin obtained from the bark of myrrh is a pungent, astringent, aromatic herb that is strongly stimulant, antiseptic and expectorant[ 238 ]. It relieves spasms, inflammation and digestive discomfort, and encourages healing[ 238 ]. It is particularly associated with women's health and purification rituals[ 238 ]. The resin is taken internally in the treatment of dyspepsia, bronchial and ear infections, glandular fever, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, gingivitis, menstrual and circulatory problems[ 238 ]. Myrrh is used externally to treat mouth ulcers, wounds and boils and is often added to oral preparations[ 238 ]. It is one of the most effective herbal medicines for treating sore throats, mouth ulcers and gingivitis[ 254 ]. The mild astringency makes it a useful treatment for acne, boils and mild inflammatory skin problems[ 254 ]. The resin is collected from cut branches and dried to a solid, which can be distilled for oil, ground into a powder for tablets, or dissolved in tinctures[ 238 ]. An essential oil obtained from the resin is used by aromatherapists as a natural antiseptic for treating skin and mouth problems[ 303 ].